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Wandering after "wanderindiana"

by rcs1

Before I get into this too deeply, I had better make two points: First, I have a great deal of respect for Jay Rosen, the New York University journalism professor who, for twenty years, has been behind some of the best and most innovative attempts to reform the professional and commercial news media.  Rosen was a key thinker in the "public journalism" movement of the 1990s, one of the only bright spots of a dismal decade for journalism.  Second, I am an active member here at ePluribus Media (ePM), where we attempt to bypass the professional and commercial news media completely--though only in our own particular projects (we have no interest in the destruction of the professional and commercial news media).  

It is my participation in ePM that led me to this essay.  In an ePM post of his own, "wanderindiana" presented a diary entitled "NewAssignment.net: Top-down `Citizen Journalism'" that brought me once again to consideration of the problem of the professional versus the amateur in terms of journalism.


citizen journalism :: :: :: buzz-it!
In his post, "wanderindiana" is responding to Rosen's newest project, something called "NewAssignment.net."  Jeff Jarvis at BuzzMachine describes what Rosen envisions:
The public will come to NewAssignment.net with story ideas and will collaborate on honing them there. Once assigned by NewAssignment's editors, the public will contribute both money and reporting to the work that reporters are paid to do. The process is open and the public will have a strong voice and role in the journalism NewAssignment does. Editors will supervise the assignments and the reporting and will edit the stories, assuring that NewAssignment produces quality journalism and also that it is not overtaken by a pressure groups.

Rosen, on his blog PressThink, further describes the project:

The site uses open source methods to develop good assignments and help bring them to completion; it employs professional journalists to carry the project home and set high standards so the work holds up.[...]

[T]he site  gives out real assignments-- paid gigs with a chance to practice the craft of reporting at a high level. Because they're getting paid, the journalists who contract with New Assignment have the time--and obligation--to do things well. That means working with the smart mobs [Howard Rheingold's term for an aware and wired populace working in concern] who gave rise to the assignment and handed it over to an editor and correspondent with the story part-of-the-way there.

Rosen calls this "networked journalism," a phrase concocted by Jarvis for describing amateurs and professionals cooperating in the news-media field, particularly by taking advantage of new technologies.

Unfortunately, as "wanderindiana" writes, Rosen's is:

a top-down model, and that is why it is doomed to no more than limited success.[...]

With NewAssignment.net, all I see here is the gatekeepers looking for a way to hold the power. Why would true "citizen journalists" give up the power to publish on their own in a free and open medium to be subjects to the self-appointed Overlords of the New Media?

What we have here, as that warden said about Cool Hand Luke, is a failure to communicate.  For all his brilliance, Rosen has not recognized that the key feature of the rise of "citizen journalism" is a rejection of the importance of the participation of professionals in a "citizen journalist's" project.  Until he thoroughly explores just why this happens, Rosen will continue to make assumptions about "citizen journalists" that are not warranted.  Assumptions that, as "wanderindiana" points out, make it highly unlikely that his project will be a success of the type he imagines.

The assumption behind Rosen's project is that, while "citizen journalists" do have something to offer, the professionals have skills and a professional ethic that add competency to any individual assignment and that will make sure the result adheres to high ethical standards.

While I applaud the desire to find a way to get the professionals and the amateurs working together, each taking advantage of what the other offers, Rosen's assumption (again) is not warranted.

(For the purposes of this essay, I'm going to bypass the question of "professionalism" in the news media--whether or not there really are professional standards, including ethical standards, that govern the field.  An assumption that there are, or even that the "standards" are a myth, makes no difference to the point I am trying to make here.)

One of the fears of news media professionals is that amateurs on the Internet will eventually push them away, reducing the accuracy and objectivity of the new news media, making journalism nothing more than mob response to events.  They are defensive of their skills and importance and are proud of their journalism heritage, and they worry that the best of the profession will suffer for the sins of the worst.

"Citizen journalists," on the other hand, see the professionals as lacking in the passion necessary for real and effective delving into the specific issues the "citizen journalists" address.  They point to "drive-by journalism," where the professionals pass quickly through a story, never really getting to the heart of the matter.

Rosen hopes to bring these two attitudes together, utilizing the strengths of each, creating a new journalism paradigm that contains the best of both worlds.

Thing is, Rosen's model calls for the professionals (both reporters and editors) to take over each assignment at some point in the process.  This, to "citizen journalists," is completely unacceptable.

Even when they recognize the value of the professional journalist (and only a fool would deny it), the "citizen journalist" sees no need to cede control of any assignment.  The professional can work with the amateur, certainly, but not as the boss--at least, not in the "citizen journalist's" eye.  There is no reason for the professional to take over.  As ePM shows with each new story on its Journal site, amateurs can fact-check with the best, can edit superbly, and can hold each other to high ethical standards.  Yes, professionals have more extensive resources and, sometimes, backgrounds allowing them to bring to the table things the amateur can match only rarely--but they are neither necessary guides nor needed fronts.

In addition, in the mind of the "citizen journalist," there are problems inherent in the fact of being a professional in journalism.  One's goals are different from those of an amateur--career considerations are going to trump the needs of the story from time to time.  They have to: the professional, after all, makes his or her living through the work and has to keep that in mind.

Also, many of us involved in "citizen journalism" have dabbled in professional journalism, leaving for a variety of reasons (and not simply because we could not "make it" in the field).  As a group, we have all the skills needed for the type of projects we initiate.

We "citizen journalists" work together based on what each of us can offer a particular project.  We don't "pull rank"--in ePM, no one has ever said they should be listened to by virtue of some past professional experience in the field.  Some of us find we are better writers than we are researchers.  Others just love fact-checking and do it splendidly.  And some actually prefer to edit the work of others.  There is no hierarchy, though; we work back and forth as equals.

What Rosen is asking us to do is to give up our egalitarianism because he believes the professionals can do a better job.

Is it any wonder that there are those amongst us, "wanderindiana" included, who look askance at Rosen's project?

There is a place for the professional journalist, even in the expanding media universe of the twenty-first century.  Spot news reporting, for example, takes confidence and a set of skills that only training and experience can build.  But there is no reason to impose the professionals on what "citizen journalists" are already learning to do for themselves--and for each other.

I hope Rosen, will listen to "wanderindiana," to me, and to the other "citizen journalists," and will begin to understand that it's not a melding of the professional and the amateur that's needed.  As I said, there's room in this new media universe for both.

Display:
you've written poetry again.

by Cho on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 09:50:11 PM EST
Blame it on Wander!

by Aaron Barlow on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 09:51:09 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I make lumps of coal; you make diamonds.
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by wanderindiana on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 10:00:23 PM EST
I had been a little perplexed by Rosen's project.  You clarified things.

by Aaron Barlow on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 10:02:32 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The raw material, the coal, I'll take credit for mining that.

The vision and the ability to create something valuable from that raw material - the diamond - that's your gift.

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by wanderindiana on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 10:17:50 PM EST
[ Parent ]

You are both brilliant, shiny diamonds in my book!

by Cho on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 10:47:20 PM EST
[ Parent ]
but, after reading all of the posts/commentaries and the Rosen site, I am getting the distinct feeling that there is too much emphasis on the "professional journalist" role in this model.

Now, compare that with the 'net skills that some bloggers have.  I mean, we know what sites are good, and what ones aren't, who the good writers are, who the writers are who know what they are talking about and who doesn't. That is a skill, that is being exploited in this model, IMO. And, the way that I read this, the bloggers are the ones that will not be paid, but the professional journalists will.  

What is wrong with this picture?        

[IMO, you can either write or you can't and you know before you start college.  I had a great English teacher in high school and attended Catholic elementary grade and high schools.  Actually, after taking essay exams (when I was an undergrad), several professors asking me if I attended Catholic schools. Couldn't figure out why they asked that one.  Maybe something about my handwriting???]

by Terri Emerick on Thu Aug 17, 2006 at 11:17:50 PM EST

among the missing elements here that leads to what you call "drive-by" reporting.  One thing to spend the time and energy researching a topic in depth for a long-form story, quite another to get one published under short deadline.  

by rba on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 11:30:48 AM EST


by Aaron Barlow on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 12:35:25 PM EST
[ Parent ]
for succinctly pointing out that many of the folks who are doing citizen journalism have experimented with journalism proper at some point--and for reiterating wanderindiana's great points about NewAssignment.

Terms such as "citizen journalism" and "the people" are often bounced around  in a patronizing way--and, when I consider some of the ones who do the bouncing, I've found that they know very little about how citizen projects evolve, and who the citizens are who participate in them.  (on many an occasion when I've heard Jarvis spew on the matter, I've wanted to ask him if he'd ever met any citizen journalists--thing is, I don't think he ever has...he seems to sidestep them whenever he's in the same room with them)

As for Rosen listening to folks here at ePM--well, I like Jay as a person--but I don't think he's willing to at this point to listen for perhaps a few reasons (I'm reluctant to elaborate here though.)If you've been following Jay's explanation of the project, he's been concentrating on explaining the financial model at the expense of explaining the editorial model.  I've questioned him a time or two, and have commented that no one seems to be discussing the type and kind of person who's going to fit Jay's job description.  Part of that, I think, it that it's going to be super-difficult to find an experienced editor who can also be a fundraiser and who's going to do the job, in the beginning anway, for little (if any) compensation. Your comment "What Rosen is asking us to do is to give up our egalitarianism because he believes the professionals can do a better job," is the crux.  I don't think there will be any professionals that will be willing to walk away from their positions to take on editorships at New Assignment.  Who Jay might find, however, are some retired professionals--who could be called "citizens"--to take on the editor's mantel.  Then, he's got the same sort of thing that goes on here at ePM--citizens working with citizens.

by tish grier on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 11:44:21 AM EST



by Cho on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 11:59:04 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Once again, so as not to confuse, my opinions do not represent the opinions of ePluribus Media, Inc.

In the After Matter to his 8/15 post:

Some of the guys at ePluribus Media (“citizen journalism, for the people, by the people”) are having problems with NewAssignment.Net.  It’s too top down and it won’t work, they say.  Or they say,  “Rosen’s model calls for the professionals (both reporters and editors) to take over each assignment at some point in the process.  This, to ‘citizen journalists,’ is completely unacceptable.”

I understand that.  A “takeover” is not what I had in mind, but I recognize the point of principle.  My suggestion is that we need all three types:

  • Citizen journalism, roll your own, no pros.

  • Hybrid forms like NewAssignment.Net, which seek advantages in a mixed model.  (Actual mix to be determined by what works in practice.)

  • And professional operations, in which citizens can talk back and interact but the pros run the show.

I’ll have more to say in reply to this criticism later, but I am guessing that my friends at ePluribus Media being themselves pluralists (and pragmatists…) would agree that these models have strengths and weaknesses.  They express different truths about media, reporting, and the use of the Web for public interest.

In New Assignment (one project in a busy landscape) I’m trying out the mixed model— networked journalism.  You guys are doing citizen journalism in its more original form.  The Wall Street Journal is doing professional journalism in its classic form.  They differ by who is included and where sovereignty lies.  All need to make wise use of the Web.  All need to treat users as citizens, and engage respectfully with people or the people won’t come back.

I can't help but notice the last sentence, and wonder just what it means, to "engage respectfully with people...."

I'm sorry, but I have to keep coming back to politics and government and representation and whose interests come first.

So much of our problems as a nation derive from a division between haves and have nots - profit over parity. In government, we are supposed to have a representative democracy; however, more and more, what we have is a government serving the needs of the corporate citizen first.

The same is true of media. All too often, the bottom line trumps all.

And maybe Mr. Rosen, in his expressed desire for NewAssignment.net to be a "mixed model", should consider the Swords Crossed blog experiment, and its effort to bring conflicting ideologies together.

The blogger on the right, Josh Trevino, left for greener career pastures just as the project was underway; meanwhile, the blogger on the left, Armando, suffered a campaign to discredit him, launched from the right - which caused him to quit the project.

I wrote about the experiment here. Reading it again, given the site's brief but turbulent history, gives an interesting perspective of how each side has a different concept of respect and/or compromise.

While flattering words and mild language might represent respect to one party, transparency and open communication (and open language) might represent respect to the other. The principals of the project might have bridged their differences to get the site off the ground, but the larger division - among their readers, upon whom the success of the site depended - was still there.

A huge divide still exists among the activists who might be a part of the mix of NewAssignment.net. Politics and media have a long, strange relationship, and the division of power play into my personal motivations for participating in civic matters and enterprises.

And while I was cautionary about Swords Crossed, I was also realistic and open with my thoughts about it. Same is true with NewAssignment.net. Mine are the thoughts of one person, and should be taken as such. Looking back at Swords Crossed, I guess I'm just a little more jaded today. Had things worked out differently for Josh Trevino and Armando, I might be singing a different tune - but they didn't, and I'm not.
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by wanderindiana on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 04:57:32 PM EST
[ Parent ]

I didn't say that it wouldn't work, as you claim I did; I said that it would meet with no more than limited success.
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by wanderindiana on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 05:12:08 PM EST
[ Parent ]
..to say:
In New Assignment (one project in a busy landscape) I'm trying out the mixed model-- networked journalism. You guys are doing citizen journalism in its more original form. The Wall Street Journal is doing professional journalism in its classic form. They differ by who is included and where sovereignty lies. All need to make wise use of the Web. All need to treat users as citizens, and engage respectfully with people or the people won't come back.
I think your point, Wander, was that talk of egalitarian, if started from the top, rarely ends up egalitarian.  What worries us, Professor Rosen, is that the old patterns of human beings will continue, and power will remain with the money and at the "top"--with the paid employees.  It's extremely difficult for an organization to work otherwise, unless it is structured so that the "volunteers" have real power (as participants in a hands-on board of directors, say).

But I am pleased that Rosen responded, and did so politely.  He is a good man who recognizes the problems that journalism faces.  No one should really be criticized too harshly for trying to change things for the better.

by Aaron Barlow on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 05:54:06 PM EST
[ Parent ]

when he talks about treating users as citizens...

when you spend some time around the tech end of blogging, you can hear the way users are often referred to as lesser beings...that users cannot make cogent decisions about tech because they can't build the things they use...

and there is some of that same attitude in journalism...that people can't make cogent decisions about it, let alone do it for themselves, unless they have proper mentors.  

To some degree, I don't buy that.  the textbooks are out there, we can buy them and read them.  Not to mention that there are some of us who have natural journalistic instincts.

The tech savant is often highly regarded in that world.  Yet the journalistic savant is, well, often told to get more schooling or stay in his or her local paper, working for really poor wages.    

Can NewAssignment change this?  don't think that's been thought about in all of it...

And the essence of NewAssignment--the way it's been described so far, is indeed still top-down. This is where you, Aaron, make an important distinction by noting that things won't really change until the volunteers--the people, the citizens, the users, whatever euphemisim we want to use--have some power.  Maybe the contributions are a way of getting "voting rights" on NewAssignment, but then again, that's just concentrating power in the hands of those who can afford to participate in it.

yeah, there are some bugs to work out of the thing...and Jay's trying.  Can't fault him on that.  But I think we should keep pointing out the aspects of it that make New Assignment more journalism and less citizen.

by tish grier on Sat Aug 19, 2006 at 12:04:36 AM EST
[ Parent ]

But wanted to share a documentary on CJ just completed by a great group of Cambridge Community TV students.

Pamphlet to Blog does a nice job (in 15 minutes) of telling the story of citizen journalism, including interviews with many of the Media Giraffe Project participants. Some of us ePMediaers were fortunate enough to attend, including me.

My understanding is that the documentary team for Cambridge Community TV shot a lot of video and needed to pare it down to 15 minutes. Really. That's the reason why my video footage wound up on the cutting room floor. Really. Really.

But, even if you can't see me in the documentary, you can still hear me. But you have to catch it quick in the intro as I say "I am a citizen journalist." What's got me even more thrilled, though, is the brief on-camera appearance of a screenshot of PTSD Combat: Winning the War Within. Mixed in with other blogs, Harvard Professor John R. Stilgoe provides the voice-over:

Society is beginning to realize maybe every morning before breakfast, it might be nice to see how a particular blogger who is particularly smart and thoughtful has picked up on the previous day and night's news. ... Every local politician should not only be conscious of bloggers, but afraid.

Be afraid. Be very afraid. :o)

Don't bat an eye as the credits roll by. See that ePluribus Media in the credits, guys? (And no, that's not me next to my name -- that's Bill Densmore, the brains behind the The Media Giraffe Project.)
On PTSD Combat | Email list | Book
by ilona on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 07:55:57 PM EST

I watched this the other day--my blog appears for about 5 seconds and I'm in the credits, too.  I didn't think I'd make the final cut, but it was fun sitting down with them.  I got the sense that they wanted to get enough footage and then see where it was going to go.  It went in a very interestind direction and I think it came out pretty good.  

by tish grier on Fri Aug 18, 2006 at 11:44:21 PM EST
[ Parent ]

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